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Python爬虫-爬取花瓣网图片三（增加界面）

  • 拼命三郎 发布于 2017-04-25
  • 分类：Python爬虫
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文章目录 [ 隐藏 ]

爬虫其实很简单，只要用心，很快就就能掌握这门技术。我们上一篇讲了怎么加载花瓣网美女，这一章我们增加界面功能，并把项目转成exe可执行文件。

爬虫我已经做好了，可以从下面的地址下载：

可以输入关键字，点击确定，就可以下载相关图片。

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1gfxcysF 密码: t8wz

实现原理与难点

  • 实现原理
  • 界面编程
  • 把项目转换成exe可执行文件

实现原理

这里面我们用到面向对象思想，会有三个文件

  • DownloadHuaban.py, 实现PyQt5界面
  • UtilsRequest.py, 实现网络请求和下载图片
  • Huaban.py 实现逻辑判断和网址获取

界面编程

界面编程我们用到PyQt5技术，如果对PyQt5不了解，可以查看：http://code.py40.com/face

python项目转exe可执行文件

我们需要使用PyInstaller模块把python转exe文件。

关于PyInstaller的使用方法请查看教程Python转exe

执行命令：

下面是源码

PyQt界面代码

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
auth:py40.com
download picture from huaban
'''
 
import sys,os
import threading
import webbrowser
 
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget,QTextBrowser, QPushButton,QDesktopWidget,QLabel,QLineEdit,QTextEdit,QCheckBox,QGridLayout,QFileDialog,QVBoxLayout,QMessageBox
 
import Huaban
 
 
 
class DownloadHuaban(QWidget):
    current_file_dictory = ""
    huban = ''
    item_name = "花瓣网图片下载器 1.0"
 
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.current_file_dictory = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
        self.huban = Huaban.Huaban()
        self.initUI()
 
    def initUI(self):
        tips = QLabel("作者：大猫");
        self.tips_1 = QLabel("网站：<a href='http://code.py40.com'>http://code.py40.com</a>");
        self.tips_1.setOpenExternalLinks(True)
        tips_null=QLabel();
 
        gridDescript = QGridLayout()
        gridDescript.addWidget(tips, 1, 0)
        gridDescript.addWidget(self.tips_1, 2, 0)
        gridDescript.addWidget(tips_null, 3, 0)
        gridDescript.addWidget(tips_null, 4, 0)
 
        tips_savefile = QLabel("图片保存路径")
        tips_key  = QLabel("搜索关键字")
        tips_guolv = QLabel("是否过滤掉普通图片")
 
        self.btn_savefile =  QPushButton(self.huban.file_save_path,self)
        self.ed_bieming =  QLineEdit('花瓣')
        self.cb_guolv =  QCheckBox()
 
        self.btn_ok = QPushButton('开始下载',self)
        self.btn_pause = QPushButton('暂停下载', self)
 
        self.btn_savefile.clicked.connect(self.btn_savefile_Clicked)
        self.btn_ok.clicked.connect(self.btn_ok_Clicked)
        self.btn_pause.clicked.connect(self.btn_pause_Clicked)
 
        grid = QGridLayout()
        grid.setSpacing(10)
 
        grid.addWidget(tips_savefile,1,0)
        grid.addWidget(self.btn_savefile,1,1)
 
 
        grid.addWidget(tips_key,2,0)
        grid.addWidget(self.ed_bieming,2,1)
 
        grid.addWidget(tips_guolv,3,0)
        grid.addWidget(self.cb_guolv,3,1)
 
        grid.addWidget(tips_null, 4, 0)
 
        gridBtn = QGridLayout()
        gridBtn.setSpacing(10)
 
        gridBtn.addWidget(self.btn_ok, 1, 0)
        gridBtn.addWidget(self.btn_pause, 1, 1)
 
        vbox = QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addLayout(gridDescript)
        vbox.addLayout(grid)
        vbox.addLayout(gridBtn)
 
        self.setLayout(vbox)
 
        self.resize(250,150)
        self.center()
        self.setWindowTitle(self.item_name)
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('icon/icon.ico'))
        self.show()
 
    def center(self):
        qr = self.frameGeometry()
        cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
        qr.moveCenter(cp)
        self.move(qr.topLeft())
 
    def btn_savefile_Clicked(self):
        filename= QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self,directory=self.huban.file_save_path);
        print(filename)
        # text=open(filename,'r').read()
        self.btn_savefile.setText(filename)
 
    def btn_pause_Clicked(self):
        self.huban.stopDownLoadHuban()
        self.showTipsDialog(text="下载已暂停")
 
 
    def btn_ok_Clicked(self):
        print("oncliuck")
        self.huban.ru.is_pasue = False
 
        save_file = self.btn_savefile.text();
        if save_file:
            self.huban.file_save_path =save_file
 
        self.huban.text_keyword = self.ed_bieming.text();
 
        self.t1 = threading.Thread(target=self.huban.downloadhuaban())
        self.t1.setDaemon(True)
        self.t1.start()
 
    def showTipsDialog(self, text):
        try:
            QMessageBox.about(self, "提示", text).show()
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
 
    def tips_1_Clicked(self,url):
        webbrowser.open("http://code.py40.com")
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    a = DownloadHuaban()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Huaban.py

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import re,os
 
import UtilsRequest
 
class Huaban():
    file_save_path = "D:/work/python/pic"
    text_keyword = "航空";
    page_nums = 0;
    down_photo_num=0#下载的图片数量
    ru = ""
 
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__();
        self.ru = UtilsRequest.UtilsRequest()
 
    def downloadhuaban(self):
        if self.ru.is_pasue:
            return
        urlhuaban = "http://huaban.com/search/?q=%s&per_page=20&wfl=1&page=%d"
        urlhuaban = urlhuaban % (self.text_keyword,self.page_nums);
        file_save_path = self.file_save_path+"/"+self.text_keyword+"/";
 
        print("*******************************************************************")
        print("请求网址：", urlhuaban)
 
        self.page_nums += 1
        if not os.path.exists(file_save_path):
            os.makedirs(file_save_path)
 
        text = self.ru.requestpageText(urlhuaban)
        pattern = re.compile('{"pin_id":(\d*?),.*?"key":"(.*?)",.*?"like_count":(\d*?),.*?"repin_count":(\d*?),.*?}',
                             re.S)
        items = re.findall(pattern, text)
        if(len(items)==0):
            print("*******************************************************************")
            print("共下载图片%d张"%self.down_photo_num)
            print("下载资源结束~~~~~~~~~~~~~或未找到资源")
            return;
 
        print(items)
        for item in items:
            max_pin_id = item[0]
            x_key = item[1]
            x_like_count = int(item[2])
            x_repin_count = int(item[3])
            if (x_repin_count > 10 and x_like_count > 10) or x_repin_count > 10 or x_like_count > 1:
                print("开始下载第{0}张图片".format(self.down_photo_num))
 
                url_image = "http://hbimg.b0.upaiyun.com/"
                url_item = url_image + x_key
                filename = file_save_path + str(max_pin_id) + ".jpg"
                if os.path.isfile(filename):
                    print("文件存在：", filename)
                    continue
 
                self.ru.downfile(filename, url_item)
                self.down_photo_num += 1
        self.downloadhuaban()
 
 
    def stopDownLoadHuban(self):
        self.ru.is_pasue = True

UtilsRequest.py

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import requests,time
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
 
 
class UtilsRequest():
    #联网超时时间
    time_out = 30
 
    #联网失败重试次数
    request_nums = 5;
 
    is_pasue = False;
 
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__();
 
    def requestpageText(self,url):
        if self.is_pasue:
            return;
 
        request_count = self.request_nums
        try:
            request_count-=1
            head = {
                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'}
 
            Page = requests.session().get(url, headers=head, timeout=self.time_out)
            Page.encoding = "utf-8"
            QApplication.processEvents()
            print("获取网页数据成功")
            return Page.text
        except Exception as e:
            print("联网失败了...重试中", e)
            time.sleep(5)
            print("暂停结束")
            if request_count >=0 :
                    self.requestpageText(url)
 
    def downfile(self,file, url):
        if self.is_pasue:
            return;
 
        print("开始下载：", file, url)
        try:
            r = requests.get(url, stream=True)
            with open(file, 'wb') as fd:
                for chunk in r.iter_content():
                    fd.write(chunk)
                    QApplication.processEvents()
        except Exception as e:
            print("下载失败了", e)

Python转exe文件

好了，我们的程序只能在有Python环境下才能使用。如果不安装python，怎么在windows环境下使用呢，这就需要我们使用PyInstaller模块把python转exe文件。

关于PyInstaller的使用方法请查看教程Python转exe

执行命令：

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E:\python\python\Scripts>pyinstaller.exe -F E:\python\python_tools.git\trunk\hua
nbanwang\client\DownloadHuaban.py

等命令执行完毕，可以看到我们的exe文件，这个exe文件可以在windows系统上运行，不用安装python环境。

未经允许不得转载：Python在线学习 » Python爬虫-爬取花瓣网图片三（增加界面）

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